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STANDARD & METRIC THREAD SIZES
STANDARD thread size refers to a thread measurement system commonly used in the United States called the 'Unified Thread Standard'. This system uses two numbers to identify thread size, for example: 1/4-20 or 2-56.
The first number references to the major diameter of the screw (major diameter is the outside diameter of the screw measuring on the outside of the threads, minor diameter is the smaller shank diameter, measuring between the threads). Larger screw sizes typically use a fraction in inches to identify major diameter, so a 1/4-20 screw has a major diameter of 1/4". Smaller screw sizes will use a 'gauge' number such as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, etc., to identify major diameter.
The following formulas can be used to translate the gauge number into decimal inches or metric (or use cross refernece chart below).
Where 'n' equals gauge number:
n x 0.013 + 0.06 = major diameter in decimal inches
n x 0.3302 + 1.524 = major diameter in millimeters
The second number (80, 72, 64, 56, 32, 20, etc.) specifies the number of threads over a distance of 1" (25.4mm).
So using the above information, a standard thread size of 2-56 has a major diameter of:
0.086" (2 x 0.013 + 0.060)
2.184mm (2 x 0.3302 + 1.524)
with 56 threads per 1" (25.4mm).
Following is a cross reference showing: number gauge / decimal / metric:
0 0.060" 1.524mm
1
0.073"
1.854mm
2
0.086"
2.180mm
3
0.099"
2.515mm
4
0.112"
2.845mm
5
0.125"
3.175mm
6
0.138"
3.505mm
8
0.164"
4.166mm
METRIC thread sizes also use two numbers to identify thread size, for example: M3.5 x 0.60. The first number describes the major diameter in millimeters (to find decimal equivalent, divide millimeters by 25.4, 3.5 รท 25.4 = 0.137"). The second number designates the pitch of the thread, which is basically the distance from any one point on a thread to a corresponding point on the next thread. Following is a cross reference chart showing how pitch relates to threads per inch (25.4mm):
0.30mm 84 3/4 0.60mm 42 1/4
0.35mm 72 1/2 0.70mm 36 1/4
0.40mm 63 1/2 0.75mm 33 3/4
0.45mm 56 1/2 0.80mm 31 3/4
0.50mm 50 3/4
STANDARD & METRIC THREAD SIZES
STANDARD thread size refers to a thread measurement system commonly used in the United States called the 'Unified Thread Standard'. This system uses two numbers to identify thread size, for example: 1/4-20 or 2-56.
The first number references to the major diameter of the screw (major diameter is the outside diameter of the screw measuring on the outside of the threads, minor diameter is the smaller shank diameter, measuring between the threads). Larger screw sizes typically use a fraction in inches to identify major diameter, so a 1/4-20 screw has a major diameter of 1/4". Smaller screw sizes will use a 'gauge' number such as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, etc., to identify major diameter.
The following formulas can be used to translate the gauge number into decimal inches or metric (or use cross refernece chart below).
Where 'n' equals gauge number:
n x 0.013 + 0.06 = major diameter in decimal inches
n x 0.3302 + 1.524 = major diameter in millimeters
The second number (80, 72, 64, 56, 32, 20, etc.) specifies the number of threads over a distance of 1" (25.4mm).
So using the above information, a standard thread size of 2-56 has a major diameter of:
0.086" (2 x 0.013 + 0.060)
2.184mm (2 x 0.3302 + 1.524)
with 56 threads per 1" (25.4mm).
Following is a cross reference showing: number gauge / decimal / metric:
0 0.060" 1.524mm
1
0.073"
1.854mm
2
0.086"
2.180mm
3
0.099"
2.515mm
4
0.112"
2.845mm
5
0.125"
3.175mm
6
0.138"
3.505mm
8
0.164"
4.166mm
METRIC thread sizes also use two numbers to identify thread size, for example: M3.5 x 0.60. The first number describes the major diameter in millimeters (to find decimal equivalent, divide millimeters by 25.4, 3.5 รท 25.4 = 0.137"). The second number designates the pitch of the thread, which is basically the distance from any one point on a thread to a corresponding point on the next thread. Following is a cross reference chart showing how pitch relates to threads per inch (25.4mm):
0.30mm 84 3/4 0.60mm 42 1/4
0.35mm 72 1/2 0.70mm 36 1/4
0.40mm 63 1/2 0.75mm 33 3/4
0.45mm 56 1/2 0.80mm 31 3/4
0.50mm 50 3/4